John W. Graham

    Professor of Biobehavioral Health
 

                                         EDUCATION

• University of Washington, B.S., 1972, Psychology
• University of Maryland, M.A., 1974, Psychology
• University of Southern California, Ph.D., 1983, Social Psychology

                        RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

• Senior Research Associate, Hlth Behavior Research Institute, USC, 1982-84
• Assistant Research Professor of Health Behavior, USC, 1984-85.
• Assistant Professor of Health Behavior, USC, 1985-86
• Assistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, USC, 1986-91
• Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine, USC, 1991-1993
• Professor of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State, 1994-

                                GRANTS AWARDED

• Prevention of Multi-Substance Abuse in Youth (Project SMART), (Co-I with C.A. Johnson), NIDA, DA03046, 1982-87
• Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial (Co-PI with W.B. Hansen), NIAAA, R01-AA06201, 1985-90
• Latent Path Methodology in Drug Abuse Prevention (Co-PI with L.M. Collins), NIDA, DA 04111, 1986-89
• Dissemination of Substance Abuse Prevention Programs (Faculty Sponsor, Predoctoral Fellowship Awarded to L. Rohrbach), ACS, PD-3-88, 1988
• Dissemination of Substance Abuse Prevention Programs (Faculty Sponsor, Predoctoral Fellowship Awarded to L. Rohrbach). NIAAA, 1 F31 AA05281-01, 1988-89
• Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial (PI of USC subcontract), NIAAA, R01 AA 06201, 2/90 - 1/93.  Competitive Renewal
• Differentiating Preadolescent/Adolescent Paths to Smoking (Co-PI with K. Hennigan), California Tobacco Related Disease Research Program.  7/90 - 6/93
• Latent Path/Transition Methodology in Drug Abuse Prevention, (Co-PI with L.M. Collins), NIDA, DA 04111, 1991-1996. Competitive Renewal
• Missing Value Imputation in Alcohol Prevention Data Bases, (PI), NIAAA, R03 AA 08736, 1/92 - 12/94
• Self-Presentation:  Adolescent Cigarette Effects (Co-PI with P. Aloise), TRDRP, 3FT-0396, 7/92 - 6/93
• Lifestyle, Worksite Conditions, & Mental Health (Co-PI with S. Donaldson), NIMH, R03, 7/93 - 6/95
• Multilevel Analysis of Drug Prevention Program Effects. (PI), NIDA, R01 DA 09649 7/1/94 - 6/30/96
• Study of Drug Prevention through Innovative Methodology. (Co-PI with L. Collins), NIDA, P50 DA 10076 5/1/96 - 4/30/2000
• An intervention to reduce alcohol-related problems among Penn State students.  (PI), The Hanley Family Foundation, 11/1/97 - 10/31/2000
• An intervention to reduce alcohol-related problems among Penn State students.  (PI), The JM Foundation, 11/1/97 - 10/31/1998

                                  PUBLICATIONS

Peer Review Articles

• Graham, J. W., Gentry, K. W., and Green, J. (1981).  Some evidence for the self-presentational nature of emotional expression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7, 467-474.
• Graham, J. W., Flay, B. R., Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., and Collins, L. M. (1984).  Group comparability: a multiattribute utility measurement approach to the use of random assignment with small numbers of aggregated units. Evaluation Review, 8, 247-260.
• Graham, J. W., Flay, B. R., Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., Grossman, L. M., and Sobel, J. L. (1984).  Reliability of self-report measures of drug use in prevention research: Evaluation of the Project SMART questionnaire via the test-retest reliability matrix. Journal of Drug Education, 14, 175-193.
• Collins, L. M., Graham, J. W., Hansen, W. B., and Johnson, C. A. (1985).  Agreement between retrospective accounts of substance use and earlier reported substance use. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 301-309.
• Hansen, W. B., Collins, L. M., Johnson, C. A., and Graham, J. W. (1985).  Self-initiated smoking cessation among high school students.  Addictive Behaviors, 10, 265-271.
• Marks, G., Richardson, J. L., Graham, J. W., & Levine, A. M. (1986).  The role of health locus of control beliefs and expectations of treatment efficacy in adjustment to cancer. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 443-450.
• Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., Collins, L. M., and Graham, J. W. (1986).  High school smoking prevention: results of a three-year longitudinal study. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 9, 439-452.
• Richardson, J. L., Marks, G., Johnson, C. A., Graham, J. W., Chan, K. K., Selser, J. N., Kishbaugh, C., Barranday, Y., & Levine, A. M. (1987).  Path model of multidimensional compliance with cancer therapy. Health Psychology, 6, 183-207.
• Levine, A. M., Richardson, J. L., Marks, G., Chan, K. K., Graham, J. W., Selser, J. N., Kishbaugh, C., Shelton, D. R., & Johnson, C. A. (1987).  Compliance with cancer therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies.  Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5, 1469-1476.
• Hansen, W. B., Graham, J. W., Sobel, J. L., Shelton, D. R., Flay, B. R., and Johnson, C. A. (1987).  The consistency of peer and parent influences on tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use among young adolescents. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 10, 559-579.
• Rohrbach, L. A., Graham, J. W., Hansen, W. B., Flay, B. R., & Johnson, C. A. (1987).  Evaluation of resistance skills training using multitrait-multimethod role play skill assessments.  Health Education Research, 2, 401-407.
• Hansen, W. B., Graham, J. W., Wolkenstein, B. H., Lundy, B. Z., Pearson, J. L., Flay, B. R., & Johnson, C. A. (1988).  Differential impact of three alcohol prevention curricula on hypothesized mediating variables.  Journal of Drug Education, 18, 143-153.
• Hansen, W. B., Johnson, C. A., Flay, B. R., Graham, J. W., & Sobel, J. L.  (1988).  Affective and social influences approaches to the prevention of multiple substance abuse among seventh grade students:  Results from Project SMART.  Preventive Medicine, 17, 135-154.
• Sussman, S., Holt, L., Dent, C. W., Flay, B. R., Graham, J. W., Hansen, W. B., & Johnson, C. A. (1989).  Activity involvement, risktaking, demographic variables, and other drug use:  Prediction of trying smokeless tobacco.  National Cancer Institute Monographs, Number 8, 57-62.
• Weber, M. D., Graham, J. W., Hansen, W. B., Flay, B. R., & Johnson, C. A. (1989).  Some evidence for two paths of alcohol use onset in adolescents.  Addictive Behaviors, 14, 399-408.
• Graham, J. W., Rohrbach, L., Hansen, W. B., Flay, B. R., & Johnson, C. A. (1989).  Convergent and discriminant validity for assessment of skill in resisting a role play alcohol offer.  Behavioral Assessment, 11, 353-379.
• Richardson, J. L., Graham, J. W., and Shelton, D. R. (1989).  Social environment and adjustment after laryngectomy.  Health and Social Work, 14, 282-292.
• Charlin, V. L., Sussman, S., Dent, C. W., Stacy, A. W., Graham, J. W., Barovich, M., Hahn, G., Burton, D., & Flay, B. R. (1990).  Three methods of assessing adolescent school-level experimentation of tobacco products.  Evaluation Review, 14, 297-307.
• Graham, J. W., Johnson, C. A., Hansen, W. B., Flay, B. R., & Gee, M. (1990).  Drug use prevention programs, gender, and ethnicity:  evaluation of three seventh-grade Project SMART cohorts.  Preventive Medicine, 19, 305-313.
• Hansen, W. B., Tobler, N. S., & Graham, J. W. (1990).  Attrition in substance abuse prevention research:  A meta-analysis of 85 longitudinally-followed cohorts.  Evaluation Review, 14, 677-685.
• Graham, J. W., Collins, L. M., Chung, N. K., Wugalter, S. E., & Hansen, W. B. (1991).  Modelling transitions in latent stage-sequential processes:  A substance use prevention example.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59 (1), 48-57.
• Graham, J. W., Marks, G., & Hansen, W. B. (1991).  Social influence processes affecting adolescent substance use.  Journal of Applied Psychology, 76 (2), 291-298.
• Hansen, W. B., & Graham, J. W. (1991).  Preventing alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use among adolescents:  Peer pressure resistance training versus establishing conservative norms.  Preventive Medicine, 20, 414-430.
• Hansen, W. B., Graham, J. W., Wolkenstein, B. H., & Rohrbach, L. A.  (1991).  Program integrity as a moderator of prevention program effectiveness:  Results for fifth grade students in the Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial.  Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 52, 568-579.
• Graham, J. W., & Collins, N. L. (1991).  Controlling correlational bias via confirmatory factor analysis of MTMM data.  Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26, 607-629.
• Marks, G., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1992).  Social projection and social conformity in adolescent alcohol use:  A longitudinal analysis.  Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 96-101.
• Graham, J. W., & Donaldson, S. I. (1993).  Evaluating interventions with differential attrition:  The importance of nonresponse mechanisms and use of followup data.  Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 119-128.
• Rohrbach, L. A., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1993).  Diffusion of a school-based substance abuse prevention program:  Predictors of program implementation. Preventive Medicine, 22, 237-260.
• Aloise-Young, P. A., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1994).  Peer influence on adolescent smoking initiation:  A comparison of group members and group outsiders.  Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 281-287.
• Collins, L. M., Graham, J. W., Long, J., & Hansen, W. B. (1994).  Crossvalidation of latent class models of early substance use onset.  Multivariate Behavioral Research, 29(2), 165-183.
• Donaldson, S. I., Graham, J. W., & Hansen, W. B. (1994).  Testing the generalizability of intervening mechanism theories:  Understanding the effects of adolescent drug use prevention interventions.  Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17, 195-216.
• Brekke, J., DeBonis, J., & Graham, J.W. (1994).  A latent structure analysis of the positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.  Comprehensive Psychiatry, 35, 252-259.
• Donaldson, S. I., Graham, J. W., Piccinin, A. M., & Hansen, W. B. (1995). Resistance skills training and onset of alcohol use:  Evidence for beneficial and potentially harmful effects in public schools and in private Catholic schools.  Health Psychology, 14, 291-300.
• Graham, J. W., Hofer, S. M., & MacKinnon, D. P.  (1996).  Maximizing the usefulness of data obtained with planned missing value patterns:  An application of maximum likelihood procedures.  Multivariate Behavioral Research, 31, 197-218.
• Kozlowski, L.T., Pillitteri, J.L., Sweeney, C.T., Whitfield, K.E., and Graham, J.W. (1996).  Asking questions about urges or cravings for cigarettes.  Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 10, 248-260.
• Aloise-Young, P. A., Hennigan, K.M., & Graham, J. W.  (1996).  Role of the self-image and smoker stereotype in smoking onset during early adolescence:  A longitudinal study.  Health Psychology, 15, 497-497.
• Hawkins, J. D., Graham, J. W., Maguin, E., Abbott, R., Hill, K.G., & Catalano, R. F.  (1997).  Exploring the effects of age of alcohol use initiation and psychosocial risk factors on subsequent alcohol misuse.  Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 58, 280-290.
• Palmer, R. F., Graham, J. W., White, E. L., & Hansen, W. B.  (1998).  Applying multilevel analyitic strategies in adolescent substance use prevention research.  Preventive Medicine, 27, 328-336.
• Collins, L. M., Graham, J. W., & Flaherty, B. P. (1998). An alternative framework for defining mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 33, 295-312.
• Boker, S. M., & Graham, J. W. (1998).  A dynamical systems analysis of adolescent substance abuse. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 33, 479-507.
• Cumsille, P. E., Sayer, A. G., & Graham, J. W. (2000).  Perceived exposure to peer and adult drinking as predictors of growth in positive alcohol expectancies during adolescence.  Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 531-536.
• Taylor, B. J., Graham, J. W., Cumsille, P. E., and Hansen, W. B. (2000). Modeling prevention program effects on growth in substance use: Analysis of five years of data from the Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial. Prevention Science, 1, 183-197.
• Donaldson, S. I., Thomas, C. W., Graham, J. W., Au, J. G., & Hansen, W. B. (2000). Verifying drug abuse prevention program effects using reciprocal best friend reports. Jouranl of Behavioral Medicine, 23, 585-601.
• Kosterman, R., Graham, J. W. Hawkins, J. D., Catalano, R. F., & Herrenkohl, T. I. (2001). Childhood risk factors for persistence of violence in the transition to adulthood: A social development perspective. Violence and Victims. 16, 355-369.
• Graham, J. W., Roberts, M. M., Tatterson, J. W., & Johnston, S. E. (2002). Data quality in evaluation of an alcohol-related harm prevention program. Evaluation Review, 26, 147-189.
• Schafer, J. L., & Graham, J. W. (2002). Missing data: our view of the state of the art. Psychological Methods, 7, 147-177.
• Collins, L. M., & Graham, J. W. (2002). The effect of the timing and spacing of observations in longitudinal studies of tobacco and other drug use: temporal design considerations. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 68, S85-S96.
• Palmer, R. F., Graham, J. W., Taylor, B. J., & Tatterson, J. W. (2002). Construct Validity in Health Behavior Research: Interpreting Latent Variable Models Involving Self-Report and Objective Measures. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 25, 525-550.
• King, G., Flisher, A., Mallett, R., Graham, J. W., Lombard, C., Rawson, T., Morojele, N. K., & Muller, M. (2003). Smoking in Cape Town: community influences on adolescent tobacco use. Preventive Medicine, 36, 114-123.
• Graham, J. W. (2003). Adding missing-data relevant variables to FIML-based structural equation models. Structural Equation Modeling, 10, 80-100.
• Graham, J. W., Tatterson, J. W., Roberts, M. M., & Johnston, S. E. (2004). Preventing alcohol-related harm in college students: Alcohol-related Harm Prevention program effects on hypothesized mediating variables. Health Education Research, 19, 71-84.
• Sharp, E. H., Caldwell, L., Graham, J. W., & Ridenour, T. (2006). Individual motivation and parental influence on adolescents' experiences of interest in the free time context: a longitudinal examination. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 340-353.
• Graham, J. W., Taylor, B. J., Olchowski, A. E., & Cumsille, P. E. (2006). Planned missing data designs in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 11, 323-343.
• Hecht, M. L., Graham, J. W., & Elek, E. (2006). The Drug Resistance Strategies intervention: program effects on substance use. Health Communication, 20, 267-276.
• Graham, J. W., Olchowski, A. E., & Gilreath, T. D. (2007). How Many Imputations are Really Needed? Some Practical Clarifications of Multiple Imputation Theory. Prevention Science, 8, 206-213.
• Palen, L. A., Graham, J. W., Smith, E. A., Caldwell, L. L., Mathews, C., & Flisher, A. J. (2008). Rates of missing responses in personal digital assistant (PDA) versus paper assessments. Evaluation Review, 32, 257-272.

 
Articles in Press

• Graham, J. W. (2009). Missing data analysis: making it work in the real world. Annual Review of Psychology, 60. (see http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/toc/psych/60/1 )
• Olchowski, A. E., Graham, J. W., Beverly, E. A., & Dupkanick, C. W. (in press). Cigarette smoking, physical activity, and the health status of college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology
• Gilreath, T. D., King, G., Graham, J. W., Flisher, A. J., and Lombard, C. (in press). Associations between maternal closeness, suicidal ideation, and risk behaviors in Cape Town. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.
   

Articles Submitted

• Lee, J. K., Hecht, M. L., Graham, J. W., Miller-Day, M. A., and Elek, E. (2008). Evaluating mediated perception of narrative health messages: the Perception of Performance Scale. Manuscript submitted for publication.
• Smith, E. A., Palen, L. A., Caldwell, L. L., Graham, J. W., Flisher, A. J., Wegner, L., Vergnani, T., and Mathews, C. (2008). Substance use and sexual risk prevention in Cape Town, South Africa: an evaluation of the HealthWise program. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Book Chapters and Abstracts

• Collins, L. M., & Graham, J. W. (1991).  Comments on "P. Cohen (1991), A source of bias in longitudinal investigations of change: A problem posed to attenders at the Best Methods of the Analysis of Change Conference."  In L. M. Collins and J. L. Horn (eds.), Best Methods for the analysis of change:  Recent advances, unanswered questions, future directions, pp. 26-30.  Washington D.C.:  American Psychological Association.
• Graham, J. W., Collins, N. L., Donaldson, S. I., & Hansen, W. B. (1993).  Understanding and controlling for response bias:  Confirmatory factor analysis of multitrait-multimethod data.  In R. Steyer, K. F. Wender, & K. F. Widaman (Eds.), Psychometric Methodology:  Proceedings of the 7th European Meeting of the Psychometric Society in Trier (pp. 585-590).  Stuttgart and New York:  Gustav Fischer Verlag.
• Graham, J. W., Hofer, S. M., & Piccinin, A. M. (1994).  Analysis with missing data in drug prevention research.  In L. M. Collins and L. Seitz (eds.), Advances in data analysis for prevention intervention research.  National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph Series (#142), Washington DC:  National Institute on Drug Abuse.
• Collins, L.M., Graham, J.W., Rousculp, S.S., Fidler, P.L., Pan, J., & Hansen, W.B. (1994).  Latent transition analysis and how it can address prevention research questions.  In L. M. Collins and L. Seitz (eds.), Advances in data analysis for prevention intervention research.  National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph Series (#142), Washington DC:  National Institute on Drug Abuse.
• Collins, L. M., Graham, J. W., Rousculp, S. S., & Hansen, W. B. (1997).  Caffeine use as a marker of early substance use onset.  In K. Bryant, M. Windle, & S. West (Eds.), The science of prevention:  methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse research (pp. 79-99). Washington, D.C.:  American Psychological Association.
• Graham, J. W., Hofer, S.M., Donaldson, S.I., MacKinnon, D.P., & Schafer, J.L. (1997).  Analysis with missing data in prevention research.  In K. Bryant, M. Windle, & S. West (Eds.), The science of prevention:  methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse research. (pp. 325-366).  Washington, D.C.:  American Psychological Association.
• Graham, J. W., & Schafer, J. L. (1999).  On the performance of multiple imputation for multivariate data with small sample size.  In R. Hoyle (Ed.)  Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research (pp. 1-29).  Thousand Oaks, CA:  Sage.
• Graham, J. W., & Hofer, S. M. (2000). Multiple imputation in multivariate research. In T. D. Little, K. U. Schnabel, & J. Baumert, (Eds.), Modeling longitudinal and multiple-group data: Practical issues, applied approaches, and specific examples. (pp. 201-218). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
• Collins, L. M., Hyatt, S. L., & Graham, J. W. (2000). LTA as a way of testing models of stage-sequential change. In T. D. Little, K. U. Schnabel, & J. Baumert, (Eds.), Modeling longitudinal and multiple-group data: Practical issues, applied approaches, and specific examples. (pp. 147-161). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
• Graham, J. W., Taylor, B. J., & Cumsille, P. E. (2001). Planned missing data designs in analysis of change. In L. Collins & A. Sayer (Eds.), New methods for the analysis of change, (pp. 335-353). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
• Graham, J. W., Cumsille, P. E., & Elek-Fisk, E. (2003). Methods for handling missing data. In J. A. Schinka & W. F. Velicer (Eds.). Research Methods in Psychology (pp. 87-114). Volume 2 of Handbook of Psychology (I. B. Weiner, Editor-in-Chief). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Technical Reports

• Graham, J. W., & Tatterson, J. W. (2000).  Creating parcels for multidimensional constructs in structural equation modeling.  Technical Report # 00-41, The Methodology Center, Penn State University.
   
• Graham, J. W., & Olchowski, A. E. (2004). Mediation analysis with correlated mediators: problems and solutions.